The CRAAP Test was developed by a CSU-Chico Librarian. It's a list of questions to help you evaluate the information you find. Different criteria will be more or less important depending on your situation or need.
Currency
- When was the information published or posted?
- Has the information been revised or updated?
- Does your topic require current information, or will older sources work as well?
- *Are the links functional?
Relevance
- Does the information relate to your topic or answer your research question?
- Who is the intended audience?
- Is the information at an appropriate level (not too elementary or advanced for your needs)?
- Have you looked at a variety of sources before determining this is the one you will use?
- Would you be comfortable citing this source in your research paper?
Authority
- Who is the author/publisher/source/sponsor?
- What are the author's credentials or organizational affiliations?
- Is the author qualified to write on the topic?
- Is there contact information, such as publisher or email address?
- *Does the URL reveal anything about the author or source? (.com, .edu, .gov, .net, .org)
Accuracy
- Where does the information come from?
- Is the information supported by evidence?
- Has the information been reviewed, edited, or refereed?
- Can you verify any of the information in another source or from personal knowledge?
- Does the language or tone seem unbiased and free of emotion?
- Are there spelling, grammar or typographical errors?
Purpose
- What is the purpose of the information? To inform, teach, sell, entertain, or persuade?
- Do the authors/sponsors make their intentions or purpose clear?
- Is the information fact, opinion or propaganda?
- Does the point of view appear objective and impartial?
- Are there political, ideological, cultural, religious, institutional or personal biases?
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